Ordering

Flies belong to the order Diptera. There are many species with the most important being the house fly (Musca domestica: Muscidae) and the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster: Drosophilidae).

Domestic fly

It is an all-changing insect, ie it undergoes a complete transformation during its biological cycle, with four stages of development: egg, larva, nymph (pupa) and prosperous (adult).

It can reproduce with great ease both because of its ability to lay eggs inside any decomposing organic matter, and because of the speed at which the larvae develop and become flies, which in turn reproduce rapidly. The duration of the biological cycle of the housefly, in a favorable environment, is 25-30 days (often shorter), during which it can lay up to 1000 eggs.

The flies are active during the day or when there is sufficient lighting and at night they rest on various surfaces (eg room corners, ceilings, etc.).

Fruit fly

The Drosophilidae family belongs to a small fly: the fruit fly or the vinegar fly or the must fly. The best known species is the Drosophila melanogaster, but there are other related species that cause similar infestations. It grows preferably in fruits and vegetables in the fermentation stage but also in other decomposing organic matter.

Health Significance

As far as the domestic fly is concerned, it is a cosmopolitan species and of great importance for public health. The acme feeds on proboscis, which carries an extreme cotyledon that “sprays” solid foods with saliva. The thickened habitats are then sucked out of the proboscis. It feeds with the same ease and without exceptional food preferences, both from human food and from impurities. Her digestive system is full of germs which she carries where she stands mechanically (with her feet) but also with the feces and the fluid that comes out of her mouth molecules to feed. It has abundant fine hairs on the body to which germs and impurities stick very easily.

It has been found that flies can become carriers of more than 100 pathogenic microorganisms and cause various diseases such as dysentery, salmonellosis, typhoid fever, cholera, charcoal, polio, tetanus, etc.

Management Ways

Prevention: All garbage collection points should be kept clean. Waste should be placed in plastic bags before being disposed of in closed bins. Organic waste should be removed daily from areas of sanitary interest. Particular attention should be paid to manure in equestrian groups, animal husbandry units, zoos, etc.

Tracking: It is easy because they fly during the day. It is recommended to use traps to reduce the population.

Shielding: Screens on the windows of homes or food areas, air curtains or curtains with plastic strips at the entrances of food areas.

Treatment: Targeted sprays with acaricides and larvae insecticides on organic materials that are breeding grounds such as manure and garbage dumps in urban and suburban environments. In addition, the application of residual sprays with acaricides is recommended in places that “nest” (growth foci, etc.). A fairly common technique is the application of insecticides in the form of bait, which can be used in specific areas, either as coatings or as baits.

The use of electric flying insect trapping machines is recommended. These devices work by attracting insects by emitting ultraviolet radiation (UV, ultraviolet) and then trapping them on a sticky surface. UV traps can be discreet or not, wall or ceiling and with power lamps depending on the space.

Wrong handling practices: Traps that attract insects with ultraviolet light and kill them with an electric shock are no longer recommended for open food areas because parts of the burning insects can end up in the food, which is undesirable as they are related foreign bodies. and with allergies. Free glue strips are also a bad practice, as well as fly baits when used without special protection, because they are chemical poisons and being fine-grained and light they can end up in food if no special care is taken. Finally, it is a bad practice to use automatic srpay with insecticide (often referred to as perfume but not always) in places where there is food. The label of the preparation envisages its use at a distance of 2.5m away from food but the dispersion of the insecticide in the space and air currents do not ensure the safety of food when they are produced or exposed in the same space, even when 2.5m away from the spray.